Potential Exam Questions for Weed Management III.

Warning: The following questions may be poorly worded and subjective. Exam questions will be worded differently.Exams may also contain questions not listed here.

1.      What are the 3 requirements for herbicide activity in plants?

2.      How might soil applied herbicides be absorbed?

3.      Which plant factors might affect the time of plant contact?

         a.      Which environmental factors

4.      Once the herbicide makes contact with the plant, what might happen to it?

5.      What must and must not occur for the herbicide to arrive at the site of activity?

6.      What type of plant transport is needed for foliar applied systemic herbicides? Soil Applied?

7.      What are the 2 fates of herbicides in plants (Herbicide Metabolism)?

8.      Name 4 bases for herbicide selectivity.

9.      Describe the ideal herbicide (for maximum effectiveness)

10.    How might herbicides reach the soil?

11.    Name 3 major concerns with herbicides in the soil.

12.    How might soil applied herbicides get into the plant?

13.    Discuss the affect of the soil’s negative charge on herbicides?

14.    What are the physical factors affecting soil applied herbicides?

15.    Discuss the implication of herbicide volatility in sandy soils

16.    What herbicide and soil characteristics affect leaching?

17.    What are the chemical factors affecting soil applied herbicides?

18.    How do herbicides connect with the natural environment.

19.    How is herbicide performance measured?

20.    Indicate the 4 categories of Ecological changes from herbicides in the environment in terms of weeds

21.    Discuss the unintended consequences of herbicide use

22.    Define “Toxicity”, “Hazard” and “Safety” with respect to herbicides

         a.      Discuss the issue of safety

         b.      What is the general level of toxicity for herbicides?

The following group of questions refers specifically to organic or eco-friendly weed management

23.     How are overall crop production practices affected by organic weed management practices?

24.    What aspect of weed management has more importance in organic production?

25.    Discuss sanitation and exclusion as preventative measures.

26.    Indicate 5 cultural control measures.

27.    How does one create a “Stale seedbed”?

28.    Indicate 3 mechanical control measures

29.    Discuss the use of fire.

30.    What kind of non-herbicide chemicals are still banned in Organic production?

31.    Name a pre and a post-emergent non-synthetic herbicide.

32.    In management systems what is the theoretical Objective?

33.    What is the Goal in practice?

34.    What is the relationship of a Weed Management System to IPM?

35.    List the 5 aspects of a Weed Management System

36.    What should be done in designing the System

37.    How is success determined?

38.    Why is any system considered to be dynamic?

39.    What are the 5 logical steps in the implementation of the System?

40.    What should mapping include with respect to weeds?

41.    Discuss the prioritization of weeds

42.    In the development of the integrated control system, Discuss the 2 key questions need to be answered.

43.    How do weed prevention and control measures compare?

44.    Indicate the steps involved in the implementation phase of the System

45.    Why keep records or a journal?

46.    How long should the area be monitored? Why?

47.    Into what management groups are weeds of perennials often placed based on establishment?

         a.      What about those for annual crops?

48.    What differences exist between weeds that are dealt with at establishment versus those that develop after establishment?

49.    What is the first step for general site preparation?

50.    Discuss the differences between Conventional and Conservation tillage styles

51.    Why use Conventional tillage? Why not?

52.    Why use Conservation tillage? Why not?

53.    What are 3 general weed management tips during the planting of perennials

54.    Discuss mowing, traffic, irrigation and bare areas in terms of weed management on established turf.

55.    In what ways might creeping perennials be dealt with?

56.    Discuss the time frame for weed management in tree crops?

57.    How does row width affect weed management in annual crops

58.    What causes the higher weed problems in “large grain” crops? What is a possible answer to this?

59.    What the three reasons for weed control after annual crop establishment (After 42 days)

60.    What is the main consideration in site preparation for bare soil areas?

61.    How might problems be best avoided after the site is established?

The following questions are in regards specifically to aquatic weeds

62.    Indicate a few problems that aquatic weeds might cause

63.    Name 2 of the primary aquatic weed species in this area.

64.    By what means do these weeds take over a body of water?

65.    What are the 2 primary objectives of prevention

66.    Name 3 cultural control measures, and 2 biological controls.

67.    Name the 3 primary contact herbicides and systemic herbicides

68.    What are the best conditions for applying herbicides?